ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the safety and effectiveness of transthoracic endoscopic thyroid surgery in thyroid surgery.@*Methods@#Retrospectively analyzed 230 patients with thyroid tumor aged from 19 to 71 years, including 67 males and 163 females, who were admitted to General minimally invasive surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine from March 2018 to August 2019. All patients were divided into traditional operation group (n=95) and endoscopic group (n=135) according to the operation method. The general information of the two groups of patients before surgery, including the time of surgery and tumor removal, amount of bleeding during surgery, postoperative drainage and extubation time, were compared. And the hospital stay, hoarseness, postoperative bleeding, incision infection, numbness, twitching, satisfaction and other related indicators were calculated also. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Normally distributed measurement data were expressed as Mean±SD, and conparisons between groups were calculated by t test or χ2 test. The non-normally distributed data were expressed as M(P25, P75) and were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test.@*Results@#Compared with the preoperative general data, the number of nodules in the traditional group was 3.00 (2.00, 3.00), and the number of nodules in the endoscope group was 2.00 (1.00, 3.00). The difference was statistically significant (Z=-4.461, P<0.01). The maximum diameter of the tumor in the traditional group is 1.00 (1.00, 2.00) cm, and the maximum diameter of the tumor in the endoscope group is 1.00 (1.00, 2.00) cm. The two are statistically significant (Z=-2.041, P=0.041). There were no significant differences in age, gender, course of disease, nodule type, cystic change, nodule location, aspect ratio, nodule echo, nodular morphology, and nodular calcification (all P>0.05). Comparison of intraoperative indicators, the operation time of the traditional group was shorter than that of the endoscope group [(67.51 ± 9.27) min vs (89.86 ± 10.32) min, t=11.462, P<0.01]; the tumor removal time of the traditional group was also shorter than that of the endoscope group [( 28.37 ± 8.94) min vs (33.35 ± 7.39) min, t=5.456, P<0.01]; the blood loss in the traditional group was significantly more than that in the endoscope group [(51.34 ± 3.26) ml vs (20.65 ± 5.89) ml, t=14.723, P<0.01]. The recurrent laryngeal nerve was explored intraoperatively in both groups with a detection rate of 100%, the anesthesia was good in both groups, and the drainage tubes were indwelling in both groups. The drainage volume of the traditional group was significantly higher than that of the endoscope group [(135.76 ± 60.55) ml vs (69.12 ± 37.13) ml, t=10.805, P<0.01]. The extubation time was longer in the traditional group than in the endoscope group [(5.54 ± 1.44) d vs (4.66 ± 1.55) d, t=2.384, P=0.023]. In terms of hospitalization time, the traditional group was significantly longer than the endoscope group [(10.48 ± 5.37) d vs (7.25 ± 3.68) d, t=11.549, P<0.01]. There were 11 cases of hoarseness in the traditional group and 4 cases of hoarseness in the endoscope group, and there has statistically significant (χ2=6.790, P=0.009). There were 5 cases of postoperative bleeding in the traditional group, 1 case of postoperative bleeding in the endoscope group, the difference between the two was statistically significant (χ2=4.365, P=0.037); 5 cases of incision infection in the traditional group, none in the endoscope group, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.012); 4 cases of numbness convulsions in the traditional group, none in the endoscope group, and there was statistical significance (P=0.028); 87 cases of satisfaction in the traditional group, and 134 cases of satisfaction in the endoscope group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=6.825, P=0.009).@*Conclusions@#Transthoracic endoscopic thyroid surgery has fewer complications in thyroid surgery and quicker postoperative recovery. It is worthy of widespread promotion, but the specific implementation plan needs to be further optimized.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the safety and effectiveness of transthoracic endoscopic thyroid surgery in thyroid surgery.Methods Retrospectively analyzed 230 patients with thyroid tumor aged from 19 to 71 years,including 67 males and 163 females,who were admitted to General minimally invasive surgery,First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine from March 2018 to August 2019.All patients were divided into traditional operation group (n =95) and endoscopic group (n =135) according to the operation method.The general information of the two groups of patients before surgery,including the time of surgery and tumor removal,amount of bleeding during surgery,postoperative drainage and extubation time,were compared.And the hospital stay,hoarseness,postoperative bleeding,incision infection,numbness,twitching,satisfaction and other related indicators were calculated also.SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Normally distributed measurement data were expressed as Mean ± SD,and conparisons between groups were calculated by t test or x2 test.The non-normally distributed data were expressed as M(P25,P75) and were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test.Results Compared with the preoperative general data,the number of nodules in the traditional group was 3.00 (2.00,3.00),and the number of nodules in the endoscope group was 2.00 (1.00,3.00).The difference was statistically significant (Z =-4.461,P ＜ 0.01).The maximum diameter of the tumor in the traditional group is 1.00 (1.00,2.00) cm,and the maximum diameter of the tumor in the endoscope group is 1.00 (1.00,2.00) cm.The two are statistically significant (Z =-2.041,P =0.041).There were no significant differences in age,gender,course of disease,nodule type,cystic change,nodule location,aspect ratio,nodule echo,nodular morphology,and nodular calcification (all P ＞ 0.05).Comparison of intraoperative indicators,the operation time of the traditional group was shorter than that of the endoscope group [(67.51 ± 9.27) min vs (89.86 ± 10.32) min,t =11.462,P ＜ 0.01];the tumor removal time of the traditional group was also shorter than that of the endoscope group [(28.37 ± 8.94) min vs (33.35 ± 7.39) min,t =5.456,P ＜0.01];the blood loss in the traditional group was significantly more than that in the endoscope group [(51.34 ± 3.26) ml vs (20.65 ± 5.89) ml,t =14.723,P ＜0.01].The recurrent laryngeal nerve was explored intraoperatively in both groups with a detection rate of 100％,the anesthesia was good in both groups,and the drainage tubes were indwelling in both groups.The drainage volume of the traditional group was significantly higher than that of the endoscope group [(135.76 ± 60.55) ml vs (69.12 ± 37.13) ml,t =10.805,P ＜0.01].The extubation time was longer in the traditional group than in the endoscope group [(5.54 ± 1.44) d vs (4.66 ± 1.55) d,t =2.384,P=0.023].In terms of hospitalization time,the traditional group was significantly longer than the endoscope group [(10.48 ± 5.37) d vs (7.25 ± 3.68) d,t =11.549,P ＜ 0.01].There were 11 cases of hoarseness in the traditional group and 4 cases of hoarseness in the endoscope group,and there has statistically significant (x2 =6.790,P =0.009).There were 5 cases of postoperative bleeding in the traditional group,1 case of postoperative bleeding in the endoscope group,the difference between the two was statistically significant (x2 =4.365,P =0.037);5 cases of incision infection in the traditional group,none in the endoscope group,and the difference was statistically significant (P =0.012);4 cases of numbness convulsions in the traditional group,none in the endoscope group,and there was statistical significance (P =0.028);87 cases of satisfaction in the traditional group,and 134 cases of satisfaction in the endoscope group,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =6.825,P =0.009).Conclusions Transthoracic endoscopic thyroid surgery has fewer complications in thyroid surgery and quicker postoperative recovery.It is worthy of widespread promotion,but the specific implementation plan needs to be further optimized.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the effect of celastrol postconditioning on focal cerebral ischemiareperfusion (I/R) injury in rats.Methods Sixty-four Sprague-Dawle rats (32 males,32 females),weighing 250300 g,were randomized into 4 groups using a random number table (n =16 each):sham operation group (group S) ; celastrol control group (group S + C) ; focal cerebral I/R group (group I/R) ; celastrol postconditioning group (group I/R + C).Focal cerebral I/R were produced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 0.3 ml/kg was injected intraperitoneally after shame operation in group S.Celastrol 3 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally after shame operation in group S + C.DMSO 0.3 ml/kg was injected intraperitoneally at 5 min of reperfusion in group I/R.Celastrol 3 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally at 5 min of reperfusion in group I/R + C.The neurologic deficit was scored at 5 min before reperfusion and 24 h of reperfusion.The infarct size was detected by TTC staining,and then the percentage of infarct size was calculated.The pathological changes in CA1 region of ischemic hippocampus were detected by HE staining.The activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX),content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expression of NOX1 and NOX2 mRNA (by RT-PCR) in ischemic brain tissues were detected.Results Compared with S and S + C groups,the neurologic deficit scores,infarct size,percentage of infarct size,NOX activity and ROS content were significantly increased,and the expression of NOX1 mRNA and NOX2 mRNA was up-regulated in I/R and I/R + C groups (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with group I/R,the neurologic deficit scores,infarct size,percentage of infarct size,NOX activity and ROS content were significantly decreased,and the expression of NOX1 mRNA and NOX2 mRNA was down-regulated in group I/R+ C (P ＜ 0.01).There was no significant difference in the parameters mentioned above between group S and group S + C (P ＞ 0.05).The pathological changes in CAl region of ischemic hippocampus were significantly attenuated in group I/R + C (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Postconditioning with celastrol can auenuate focal cerebral [/R injury in rats and inhibiton of oxidative stress response in brain tissues may be involved in the mechanism.
ABSTRACT
We report a spectrophotometic method for the determination of cyanogen chloride (CNCl) in air pollution.Experimental parameters for the stability and absorbility of CNCl gas in the different media were studied.The experimental conditions were optimized for CNCI as follows:absorbent:1%isonicotinic acid-barbituric acid;reaction acidity:pH 5.8 in phosphate buffer at room temperature;masking agent:0.01mol/L EDTA;λmax:598nm. The apparent molar absorptivity was found to be 1.17×105L·mol-1·cm-1,the linear range was within 0～5μg of CNCl in 25 mL solution; the regression equation of the curve has given by A=-0.0040+1.935C(r=0.9999).The method has been applied to the determination of CNCl in chimney gas,workshop air and production area air of the cyanuric trichloride plant,chemical works and pharmaceutical factory air.The relative standard deviation was below 2.7%(n=4)for the cyanogen chloride amount within 13～64mg/m3,and when CNCl amounts were within 0.1～1.0mg/m3,RSD was below 6.9%(n=6).The recovery was 98.7%.